Sophie Van Linthout, Frank Spillmann, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss and Carsten Tschope Pages 1504 - 1516 ( 13 )
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, which is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Low HDL cholesterol concentrations reflect a dysregulation in HDL metabolism, which is determined by the concerted action of different proteins, including cholesterol ester transfer protein, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase, endothelial and lipoprotein lipase, phospholipid transfer protein, and hepatic lipase, as well as different receptors, including the scavenger receptor class B type I and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and G1. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is besides a dysregulation in HDL metabolism, also associated with dysfunctional HDL: HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport as well as the anti-oxidative and endothelial-protective features of HDL are impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The first part of the present review gives an overview of how type 2 diabetes mellitus affects the expression and/or activity of receptors and proteins involved in HDL metabolism and how different diabetes-associated factors influence the functionality of HDL. The second part of the review focuses on describing the newest insights in the impact of HDL on glucose metabolism and on diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications.
Diabetes mellitus,high-density lipoprotein,dysfunction,remodeling,glucose metabolism,endothelial dysfunction,diabetic cardiopathy
, , , Charite, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Cardiology&Pneumology, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin.